Possible Application of Virtual Reality in Geography Teaching
Abstract
Virtual reality represents simulated three-dimensional environment created by hardware and software, which providing realistic experience and possibility of interaction to the end-user. Benefits provided by immersive virtual reality in educational setting were recognised in the past decades, however mass application was left out due to the lack of development and high price. Intensive development of new platforms and virtual reality devices in the last few years started up with Oculus Rift, and subsequently accelerated in the year 2014 by occurrence of Google Cardboard. Nowadays, for the first time in history, immersive virtual reality is available to millions of people. In the mid 2015 Google commenced developing Expeditions Pioneer Program aiming to massively utilise the Google Cardboard platform in education. Expeditions and other VR apps can enhance geography teaching and learning. Realistic experience acquired by utilisation of virtual reality in teaching process significantly overcome possibilities provided by images and illustrations in the textbook. Besides literature review on usage of virtual reality in education this paper presents suggestion of VR mobile apps that can be used together with the Google Cardboard head mounted displays (HMDs) in geography classes, thereby emphasising advantages and disadvantages as well as possible obstacles which may occur in introducing the immersive virtual reality in the educational process.
References
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Bower, M., & Sturman, D. (2015). What are the educational affordances of wearable technologies?. Computers & Education, 88, 343-353. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2015.07.013
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Kőrösi, G., & Esztelecki, P. (2015). Implementation of mobile phones in education. Research in Pedagogy, 5(1), 98-108. doi: 10.17810/2015.08
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Martín-Gutiérrez, J., Mora, C. E., Añorbe-Díaz, B., & González-Marrero, A. (2017). Virtual technologies trends in education. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, 13(2), 469-486, doi: 10.12973/eurasia.2017.00626a
McLean, K. J. (2016). The implementation of bring your own device (BYOD) in primary [elementary] schools. Frontiers in Psychology, 7:1739. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01739
McLellan, H. (2004). Virtual realities. In D. H. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of research for educational communications and technology (2nd ed., pp. 461–497). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Merchant, Z., Goetz, E. T., Cifuentes, L., Keeney-Kennicutt, W., & Davis, T. J. (2014). Effectiveness of virtual reality-based instruction on students' learning outcomes in K-12 and higher education: A meta-analysis. Computers & Education, 70, 29-40. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2013.07.033
Mikropoulos, T. A. (1996). Virtual geography. VR in the Schools, 2(2). Retrieved from http://vr.coe.ecu.edu/vrits/2-2Mikro.htm
Mikropoulos, T. A. (1997). Virtual environments in science education. In M. Bevan (ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Virtual Reality in Education & Training, (pp. 43 – 48). Loughborough, UK.
Mikropoulos, T. A., & Bellou, J. (2006). The unique features of educational virtual environments. In P. Isaias, M. McPherson, & F. Banister (Eds.), Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference on e-Society (pp. 122–128). Dublin, Ireland: IADIS - International Association for Development of the Information Society.
Milutinović, J. (2008). Futurološka dimenzija ciljeva obrazovanja i učenja [Futurological dimension of aims of education and learning]. Pedagogija, 63(1), 41-49.
Nadrljanski, Đ. (2003). Prilozi za strategiju informatizacije obrazovanja (II deo) [Supplements for Strategies of Applying Information Technology on Education (part two)]. Pedagogija, 41(3-4), 34-54.
Natsis, A., Vrellis, I., Papachristos, N. M., & Mikropoulos, T. A. (2012). Technological factors, user characteristics and didactic strategies in educational virtual environments. In 2012 IEEE 12th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (pp. 531-535). doi: 10.1109/ICALT.2012.67
Pantelidis, V. S. (2009). Reasons to use virtual reality in education and training courses and a model to determine when to use virtual reality. Themes in Science and Technology Education, 2(1-2), 59-70.
Papaefthymiou, M., Plelis, K., Mavromatis, D., & Papagiannakis, G. (2015, December). Mobile Virtual Reality featuring a six degrees of freedom interaction paradigm in a virtual museum application. Technical Report, FORTH-ICS/TR-462. Heraklion, Greece: Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Computer Science. Retrieved from https://www.ics.forth.gr/tech-reports/2015/2015.TR462_Mobile_Virtual_Reality_Freedom_Interaction.pdf
Passig, D. (2009). The future of virtual reality in education: A future oriented meta analysis of the literature. Themes in Science and Technology Education, 2(1-2), 269-293.
Polcar, J., & Horejsi, P. (2015). Knowledge acquisition and cyber sickness: A comparison of VR devices in virtual tours. MM Science Journal, 2015 (June), 613-616. doi: 10.17973/MMSJ.2015_06_201516
Popadić, A. (2011). Primena informaciono-komunikacionih tehnologija u nastavi geografije. Globus, 36, 175-182.
Romelić, J. (2005). Metode rada u nastavi geografije koje utiču na aktivizaciju učenika. Globus, 30, 21-38.
Savičić, J., & Egić, B. (2010). Pedagoški i kognitivni aspekti virtuelne realnosti [Pedagogical and cognitive aspects of virtual reality]. Pedagogija, 65(4), 684-691.
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Vilotijević, M., & Vilotijević, N. (2008). Inovacije u nastavi. Vranje, Republika Srbija: Učiteljski fakultet u Vranju.
Winn, W. (1993, August). A conceptual basis for educational applications of virtual reality. Human Interface Technology Laboratory Report TR-93-9. Seattle: University of Washington. Retrieved from http://www.hitl.washington.edu/research/education/winn/winn-paper.html~
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Zavod za unapređenje obrazovanja i vaspitanja (2014). Katalog programa stalnog stručnog usavršavanja nastavnika, vaspitača i stručnih saradnika za školsku 2014/2015. i 2015/2016. Beograd, Republika Srbija: Zavod za unapređenje obrazovanja i vaspitanja, Centar za profesionalni razvoj zaposlenih u obrazovanju. Retrieved from http://www.zuov.gov.rs/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Katalog-2014-16.pdf
Zavod za unapređenje obrazovanja i vaspitanja (2016). Katalog programa stalnog stručnog usavršavanja nastavnika, vaspitača i stručnih saradnika za školsku 2016/2017. i 2017/2018. Beograd, Republika Srbija: Zavod za unapređenje obrazovanja i vaspitanja, Centar za profesionalni razvoj zaposlenih u obrazovanju. Retrieved from http://katalog2016.zuov.rs/
Zavod za vrednovanje kvaliteta obrazovanja i vaspitanja (2013). Opšti standardi postignuća za kraj opšteg srednjeg obrazovanja i vaspitanja i srednjeg stručnog obrazovanja i vaspitanja u delu opšteobrazovnih predmeta: Standardi opštih međupredmetnih kompetencija za kraj srednjeg obrazovanja. Beograd, Republika Srbija: Zavod za vrednovanje kvaliteta obrazovanja i vaspitanja. Retrieved from http://www.ceo.edu.rs/images/stories/obrazovni_standardi/Opsti_standardi_postignuca/MEDJUPREDMETNE%20KOMPETENCIJE.pdf
Živković, Lj., & Jovanović, S. (2006). Realizacija oblika i metoda rada upotrebom kompjutera u nastavi geografije [Realization of the form and methods of work through the use of computer in teaching geography]. Zbornik radova - Geografski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, 54, 249-260.
Arnold, P. L. (2015). Rural high school faculty perspectives on bring your own device implementation: A phenomenological study (Doctoral dissertation, Liberty University). Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1029
Bastiaens, T. J., Wood, L. C., & Reiners, T. (2014). New landscapes and new eyes: The role of virtual world design for supply chain education. Ubiquitous Learning: An International Journal, 6(1), 37-49.
Bower, M., & Sturman, D. (2015). What are the educational affordances of wearable technologies?. Computers & Education, 88, 343-353. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2015.07.013
Castaneda, L. & Pacampara, M. (2016). Virtual reality in the classroom - An exploration of hardware, management, content and pedagogy. In G. Chamblee & L. Langub (Eds.), Proceedings of Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference 2016 (pp. 527-534). Chesapeake, VA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).
Defanti, A. (2016). Using augmented and virtual reality to bring your geography classes to life. Interaction, 44(3), 43-46.
Freina, L., & Ott, M. (2015). A literatrure review on immersive virtual reality in education: State of the art and perspectives. In Proceedings of the 11th International Scientific Conference "eLearning and Software for Education" (eLSE), 1, (pp. 133-141). doi:10.12753/2066-026X-15-020
Gatalo, R., Navalušić, S., Zeljković, M., Milojević, Z., Megađa, I., & Košarac, A. (2006). Virtualna realnost - Novi prilaz u projektovanju i proizvodnji [Virtual reality - A new approach to design and manufacturing]. In Zbornik radova naučno-stručnog Simpozijuma Infoteh®-Jahorina, Vol. 5, (pp. 184-188). Retrieved from http://infoteh.etf.unssa.rs.ba/zbornik/2006/
Golijanin, D., Miljković, M. Z., Alčaković, S. S., Gavrilović, J. M., Savković, M. Z., & Stamenković, D. J. (2014). Generacija Z, internet i obrazovanje [Generation Z, Internet and education]. In Proceedings of Sinteza 2014 - Impact of the Internet on Business Activities in Serbia and Worldwide, (pp. 506-509). Belgrade, Serbia: Singidunum University. doi: 10.15308/SINTEZA-2014-506-509
Hussein, M., & Nätterdal, C. (2015). The benefits of virtual reality in education: A comparison study (BSc thesis, University of Gothenburg, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2077/39977
Ivkov-Džigurski, A., Ivanović, LJ., & Pašić, M. (2009). Mogućnosti primene računara u modernoj nastavi geografije [Possibilities of computer application in modern geography teaching process]. Glasnik Srpskog geografskog društva, 89(1), 139-150. doi:10.2298/GSGD0901139I
Jorgić, D. (2013). Vrijednosti i protivrječja virtuelnog obrazovanja [Values and contradictions of virtual education]. In Zbornik radova Vrijednosti i protivurječja društvene stvarnosti (pp. 149-163). Banja Luka, Bosna i Hercegovina: Filozofski fakultet.
Kőrösi, G., & Esztelecki, P. (2015). Implementation of mobile phones in education. Research in Pedagogy, 5(1), 98-108. doi: 10.17810/2015.08
Lartigue, J., Scoville, T., & Pham, M. (2014). Promoting k-8 learning using Oculus Rift: Employing virtual reality to increase learning outcomes in elementary biology. In T. Bastiaens (Ed.), Proceedings of E-Learn: World Conference on E-Learning in Corporate, Government, Healthcare, and Higher Education 2014 (pp. 1100-1105). Chesapeake, VA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).
LaValle S. M. (2016). Virtual reality (draft). University of Illinois. Retrieved from http://msl.cs.uiuc.edu/vr/vrbook.pdf
Martín-Gutiérrez, J., Mora, C. E., Añorbe-Díaz, B., & González-Marrero, A. (2017). Virtual technologies trends in education. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, 13(2), 469-486, doi: 10.12973/eurasia.2017.00626a
McLean, K. J. (2016). The implementation of bring your own device (BYOD) in primary [elementary] schools. Frontiers in Psychology, 7:1739. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01739
McLellan, H. (2004). Virtual realities. In D. H. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of research for educational communications and technology (2nd ed., pp. 461–497). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Merchant, Z., Goetz, E. T., Cifuentes, L., Keeney-Kennicutt, W., & Davis, T. J. (2014). Effectiveness of virtual reality-based instruction on students' learning outcomes in K-12 and higher education: A meta-analysis. Computers & Education, 70, 29-40. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2013.07.033
Mikropoulos, T. A. (1996). Virtual geography. VR in the Schools, 2(2). Retrieved from http://vr.coe.ecu.edu/vrits/2-2Mikro.htm
Mikropoulos, T. A. (1997). Virtual environments in science education. In M. Bevan (ed.), Proceedings of the International Conference on Virtual Reality in Education & Training, (pp. 43 – 48). Loughborough, UK.
Mikropoulos, T. A., & Bellou, J. (2006). The unique features of educational virtual environments. In P. Isaias, M. McPherson, & F. Banister (Eds.), Proceedings of the IADIS International Conference on e-Society (pp. 122–128). Dublin, Ireland: IADIS - International Association for Development of the Information Society.
Milutinović, J. (2008). Futurološka dimenzija ciljeva obrazovanja i učenja [Futurological dimension of aims of education and learning]. Pedagogija, 63(1), 41-49.
Nadrljanski, Đ. (2003). Prilozi za strategiju informatizacije obrazovanja (II deo) [Supplements for Strategies of Applying Information Technology on Education (part two)]. Pedagogija, 41(3-4), 34-54.
Natsis, A., Vrellis, I., Papachristos, N. M., & Mikropoulos, T. A. (2012). Technological factors, user characteristics and didactic strategies in educational virtual environments. In 2012 IEEE 12th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (pp. 531-535). doi: 10.1109/ICALT.2012.67
Pantelidis, V. S. (2009). Reasons to use virtual reality in education and training courses and a model to determine when to use virtual reality. Themes in Science and Technology Education, 2(1-2), 59-70.
Papaefthymiou, M., Plelis, K., Mavromatis, D., & Papagiannakis, G. (2015, December). Mobile Virtual Reality featuring a six degrees of freedom interaction paradigm in a virtual museum application. Technical Report, FORTH-ICS/TR-462. Heraklion, Greece: Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Computer Science. Retrieved from https://www.ics.forth.gr/tech-reports/2015/2015.TR462_Mobile_Virtual_Reality_Freedom_Interaction.pdf
Passig, D. (2009). The future of virtual reality in education: A future oriented meta analysis of the literature. Themes in Science and Technology Education, 2(1-2), 269-293.
Polcar, J., & Horejsi, P. (2015). Knowledge acquisition and cyber sickness: A comparison of VR devices in virtual tours. MM Science Journal, 2015 (June), 613-616. doi: 10.17973/MMSJ.2015_06_201516
Popadić, A. (2011). Primena informaciono-komunikacionih tehnologija u nastavi geografije. Globus, 36, 175-182.
Romelić, J. (2005). Metode rada u nastavi geografije koje utiču na aktivizaciju učenika. Globus, 30, 21-38.
Savičić, J., & Egić, B. (2010). Pedagoški i kognitivni aspekti virtuelne realnosti [Pedagogical and cognitive aspects of virtual reality]. Pedagogija, 65(4), 684-691.
Schuster, K., Groß, K., Vossen, R., Richert, A., & Jeschke, S. (2015, June). Preparing for Industry 4.0 – Collaborative virtual learning environments in engineering education. In Proceedings of the International Conference on E-Learning in the Workplace (ICELW 2015), New York, USA. Retrieved from http://www.icelw.org/proceedings/2015/ICELW2015/papers/Schuster_Gross_et_al.pdf
Sung, Y.-T., Chang, K.-E., & Liu, T.-C. (2016). The effects of integrating mobile devices with teaching and learning on students’ learning performance: A meta-analysis and research synthesis. Computers & Education, 94, 252-275. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2015.11.008
Vilotijević, M., & Vilotijević, N. (2008). Inovacije u nastavi. Vranje, Republika Srbija: Učiteljski fakultet u Vranju.
Winn, W. (1993, August). A conceptual basis for educational applications of virtual reality. Human Interface Technology Laboratory Report TR-93-9. Seattle: University of Washington. Retrieved from http://www.hitl.washington.edu/research/education/winn/winn-paper.html~
Yap, M. C. (2016, April). Google Cardboard for a K-12 social studies module. Paper presented at TCC 2016 Worldwide Online Conference. Retrieved from http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10125/40604/1/LTEC-690-Yap-Scholarspace.05.04.16.pdf
Youngblut, C. (1997). Educational uses of virtual reality technology (Executive summary). VR in the Schools, 3(1). Retrieved from http://vr.coe.ecu.edu/vrits/3-1young.htm
Zavod za unapređenje obrazovanja i vaspitanja (2014). Katalog programa stalnog stručnog usavršavanja nastavnika, vaspitača i stručnih saradnika za školsku 2014/2015. i 2015/2016. Beograd, Republika Srbija: Zavod za unapređenje obrazovanja i vaspitanja, Centar za profesionalni razvoj zaposlenih u obrazovanju. Retrieved from http://www.zuov.gov.rs/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Katalog-2014-16.pdf
Zavod za unapređenje obrazovanja i vaspitanja (2016). Katalog programa stalnog stručnog usavršavanja nastavnika, vaspitača i stručnih saradnika za školsku 2016/2017. i 2017/2018. Beograd, Republika Srbija: Zavod za unapređenje obrazovanja i vaspitanja, Centar za profesionalni razvoj zaposlenih u obrazovanju. Retrieved from http://katalog2016.zuov.rs/
Zavod za vrednovanje kvaliteta obrazovanja i vaspitanja (2013). Opšti standardi postignuća za kraj opšteg srednjeg obrazovanja i vaspitanja i srednjeg stručnog obrazovanja i vaspitanja u delu opšteobrazovnih predmeta: Standardi opštih međupredmetnih kompetencija za kraj srednjeg obrazovanja. Beograd, Republika Srbija: Zavod za vrednovanje kvaliteta obrazovanja i vaspitanja. Retrieved from http://www.ceo.edu.rs/images/stories/obrazovni_standardi/Opsti_standardi_postignuca/MEDJUPREDMETNE%20KOMPETENCIJE.pdf
Živković, Lj., & Jovanović, S. (2006). Realizacija oblika i metoda rada upotrebom kompjutera u nastavi geografije [Realization of the form and methods of work through the use of computer in teaching geography]. Zbornik radova - Geografski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, 54, 249-260.
Published
2017-03-18
How to Cite
Stojšić, I., Ivkov Džigurski, A., Maričić, O., Ivanović Bibić, L., & Đukičin Vučković, S. (2017). Possible Application of Virtual Reality in Geography Teaching. Journal of Subject Didactics, 1(2), 83-96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.438169
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