LIFE HISTORY AND DEMOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS OF APHIS FABAE (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) AND ITS PARASITOID, APHIDIUS MATRICARIAE (HYMENOPTERA: APHIDIIDAE) ON FOUR SUGAR BEET CULTIVARS
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Abstract
The black bean aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the important pests of sugar beet in Iran. Aphidius matricariae Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) is a key parasitoid used in various integrated pest management (IPM) programs worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the effects of four cultivars of sugar beet (IC, PP8, Rasoul and Shirin) on biology and demographic parameters of A. fabae and A. matricariae as a step toward biological control of black bean aphid. Experiments were performed in a growth chamber with 25±1ºC, 70±5 % RH and a photoperiod of 16L : 8D hours. Survival rates (lx) of A. fabae and A. matricariae were highest on Rasoul and PP8 cultivars, respectively. The life expectancy of 1-day-old adults of A. fabae and A. matricariae was estimated to be 4.25, 4.3, 4.15, 4.5 and 3.8, 3.8, 3.45, 3.65 days on IC, PP8, Rasoul and Shirin cultivars, respectively. There were significant differences between rm values of A. fabae and A. matricariae on PP8, Shirin and Rasoul cultivars. There were no significant differences between net reproductive rates (Ro) of A. fabae on different cultivars of sugar beet, while there were clear differences in Ro values of A. matricariae on various cultivars. The highest value of Ro for A. matricariae was obtained on Shirin cultivar. The parasitoid performed better on Shirin than other cultivars, while the aphid performance was poorly affected by cultivars. Therefore, we suggest the use of Shirin cultivar to maximize the natural biological control of A. fabae by A. matricariae.
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Adabi, S., Talebi, A., Fathipour, Y., & Zamani, A. (2010). LIFE HISTORY AND DEMOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS OF APHIS FABAE (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) AND ITS PARASITOID, APHIDIUS MATRICARIAE (HYMENOPTERA: APHIDIIDAE) ON FOUR SUGAR BEET CULTIVARS. Acta Entomologica Serbica, 15(1), 61-73. Retrieved from https://aes.bio.bg.ac.rs/index.php/aes/article/view/114
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References
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GONZÁLES, D., WHITE, W., HALL, J. & DICKSON, R.C., 1978. Geographical distribution of Aphidiidae (Hym.) imported to California for biological control of Acyrthosiphum pisum (Hom.: Aphididae). Entomophaga, 23: 239-248.
HAGVAR, E.B. & HOFSVANG, T., 1991. Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae): biology, host selection and use in biological control. Biocon. News Info., 12: 13-41.
HARDIN, M.R., BENREY, B., COLL, M., LAMP, W.O., RODERICK, G.K. & BARBOSA, P., 1995. Arthropod pest resurgence: and overview of potential mechanisms. Crop Prot., 14: 3–18.
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LONGLEY, M., JEPSON, P.C., IZQUIERDO, J. & SOTHERTON, N., 1997. Temporal and spatial changes in aphid and parasitoid populations following applications of deltamethrin in winter wheat. Entomol. Exp. Appl., 83: 41–52.
MACKAUER, M. & STARY, P., 1967. World Aphidiidae. In: Delluchi V. & Remaudière, G. (eds): Index of Entomophagous Insects: Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea. Le Francois, Paris, pp. 1-195.
MACKAUER, M., MICHAUD, J.P. & VÖLKL, W., 1996. Host choice by aphidiid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae): host recognition, host quality and host value. Can. Entomol., 128: 959-980.
MAIA, A.H.N., LUIZ, A.J.B. & CAMPANHOLA, C., 2000. Statistical influence on associated fertility life table parameters using jackknife technique: computational aspects. J. Econom. Entomol., 93: 511-518.
MAZAHERY-LAGHAB, H. & AHMADVAND, G., 2004. The effects of Medicoside A and Soyasaponin 1 on the size and fecundity of potato aphid (Aulachorthum solani). In: Manzari, S. (ed.): Proceeding of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, p. 227. [In Persian, with English s.]
MESCHELOFF, E. & ROSEN, D., 1988. Biosystematic studies on the Aphidiidae of Israel (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) 2. the genera Ephedrus and Praon. Isr. J. Entomol., 22: 75-100.
MILLS, P.W., 1989. Specific responses and damage caused by aphidoidea. In: Minks, A.K. & Harrewijn, P. (eds): Aphids: Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Elsevier Publishers, Amsterdam, pp. 23-47.
MINITAB, 2000. MINITAB User's Guide, version 13.20. MINITAB Ltd, UK. http://www.minitab.com/en-US/default.aspx
MONFARED, A., MOHARRAMIPOUR, S. & FATHIPOUR, Y., 2003. An evaluation of resistance to cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) lines, hybrids and varieties under natural field infestation conditions. Iranian J. Agric. Sci., 34: 987-994.
PRICE, P.W., BOUTON, C.E., GROSS, P., MCPHERON, B.A., THOMPSON, J.A. & WEIS, A.E., 1980. Interactions among three trophic levels: influence of plants on interactions between insect herbivores and natural enemies. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 11: 41-65.
RAKHSHANI, E., TALEBI, A.A., KAVALLIERATOS, N.G., REZWANI A., MANZARI S. & TOMANOVIC, Z., 2005. Parasitoid complex (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) in Iran. J. Pest Sci., 78: 193-198.
RAKHSHANI, E., TOMANOVIC, Z., STARY, P., TALEBI, A.A., KAVALLIERATOS, N., ZAMANI, A.A. & STAMENKOVIC, S., 2008. Distribution and diversity of wheat aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Iran. Eur. J. Entomol., 105: 863–870, 2008.
REED, H.C., REED, D.K. & ELLIOT, N.C., 1992. Comparative life table of Diaeretiella rapae and Aphidius matricariae on the Russian wheat aphid. Southwest Entomol., 17: 307-312.
SALJOQI, A.U.R. & VAN EMDEN, H.F., 2003. Selective toxicity of different granular insecticides to the peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) and its parasitoid Aphidius matricariae Haliday (Hymenoptera; Aphidiidae) in two differentially resistant potato cultivars. J. Biolog. Sci., 3: 215-227.
SCHEPERS, A., 1989. Chemical control. In: Minks, A.K. & Harrewijn, P. (eds): Aphids: Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Elsevier Publishers, Amsterdam, pp. 89-122.
SHAHROKHI, S., SHOJAI, M., REZWANI, A., OSTOVAN, H. & ABDOLLAHI, G.A., 2004. Investigation on biology and comparison of fertility life table parameters of Aphidius matricariae Haliday on host aphid Schizaphis graminum (Rondani). In: Manzari, S. (ed.): Proceeding of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, p. 37.
SHIRVANI, A. & HOSEINI, V., 2004. Fertility life table parameters estimation of Aphis gossypii Glover. Iranian J. Agric. Sci., 35: 23-29. (In Persian, English abstr.).
SINHA, T.B. & SINGH, R., 1982. Bionomics of Trioxys indicus. Indian J. Parasitol., 5: 9-15. STARY, P., 1966. Aphid parasites of Czechoslovakia. Prague and The Hague: Academia and Dr W. Junk. 242 pp.
STARY, P., 1988. Aphidiidae. In: Minks, A.K. & Harrewijn, P. (eds): Aphids, Their Natural Enemies and Control. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp: 171-184.
TAKALLOOZADEH, H.M., KAMALI, K., TALEBI, A.A. & FATHIPOUR, Y., 2003. Effect of temperature and host plants, on population parameters of parasitoid Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshall (Hym.: Aphidiidae). J. Agric. Sci. Technol., 17: 107-113.
TANG, Y.Q. & YOKOMI, R.K., 1995. Temperature-dependent development of three hymenopterous parasitoids of aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) attacking citrus. Environ. Entomol., 24: 1736-1740.
TRIPATHI, R.N. & SINGH, R., 1990. Fecundity, reproduction rate longevity and intrinsic rate of natural increase of aphidiid parasite Lusiphlebia mirzai. Entomophaga, 35: 601-610.
TSAI, J.H., 1998. Development, survivorship, and reproduction of Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy) (Homoptera: Aphididae) on eight host plants. Environ. Entomol., 27: 1190-1195.
TOSH, C.R., MORGAN, D., WALTERS, K.F.A. & DOUGLAS A.E., 2004. The significance of overlapping plant range in the aphid species complex Aphis fabae Scop. Ecol. Entomol., 29: 488-497.
TURLINGS, T. & BENREY, B., 1998. The effects of plant metabolites on the behavior and development of parasitic wasps. Ecoscience, 5:321-333.
VAN DRIESCHE, R.G. & BELLOWS, T.S., 1996. Biological Control. Chapman and Hall, New York, 539 pp.
VÖLKL, W. & STECHMANN, D.H., 1998. Parasitism of the black aphid (Aphis fabae) by Lysiphlebus fabarum (Hym., Aphidiidae): the influence of host plant and habitat. J. Appl. Entomol., 122: 201-206.
WEATHERSBEE, A.A., MCKENZIE, C.L. & TANG, Y.Q., 2004. Host plant and temperature effects on Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), a native parasitoid of the exotic brown citrus aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 97: 476-480.
ZAMANI. A.A., TALEBI, A.A., FATHIPOUR, Y. & BANIAMERI, V., 2007. Effect of Temperature on Life History of Aphidius colemani and Aphidius matricariae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Two Parasitoidsof Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae). Environ. Entomol., 36(2): 263-271.
BIGLER, F., 1994. Quality control in Trichogramma production species for use in biological control. In: Wajnberg E. & Hassan, S.A. (eds.): Biological Control with Egg Parasitoids. CAB International, Wallingford, UK. pp. 93-111.
CAB INTERNATIONAL, 2000. Crop protection compendium, Global module, (2nd edition), CAB International Wallingford, UK. http://www.cabi.org/compendia/cpc.
CAREY, J.R., 1993. Applied demography for biologists with special emphasis on insects. Oxford University Press, New York, 206 pp.
CAREY, J.R., 2001. Insect biodemography. Ann. Rev. Entomol., 46: 79-110.
CICHOCKA, E., LESZCZYŃSKI, B. & GOSZCZYŃSKI, W., 2000. Effect of phenolic compounds on acceptance of broad bean cultivars by black bean aphid Aphis fabae Scop, In: Cichocka E., Ruszkowska M., Goszczynski W. & Ciepielewska D. (eds.): Aphids and Other Homopterous Insects: vol. 7. Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, pp.: 169-176.
COUTY, A., DE LA VINA, G., CLARK, S.J., KAISER, L., PHAM-DELEGUE, M.H. & POPPY, G.M., 2001. Direct and indirect sub lethal effects of Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) on the development of a potato- aphid parasitoid Aphelinus abdominalis. J. Ins. Physiol., 47: 553-561.
DOUGLAS, A.E., 1997. Provenance, experience and plant utilization by the polyphagous aphid, Aphis fabae. Ent. Exp. Appl., 83: 161-170.
FORCE, D.C. & MESSENGER, P.S., 1964. Fecundity, reproductive rate and innate capacity of increase of 3 parasites of Therioaphis maculata. Ecology, 45: 706-715.
GONZÁLES, D., WHITE, W., HALL, J. & DICKSON, R.C., 1978. Geographical distribution of Aphidiidae (Hym.) imported to California for biological control of Acyrthosiphum pisum (Hom.: Aphididae). Entomophaga, 23: 239-248.
HAGVAR, E.B. & HOFSVANG, T., 1991. Aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae): biology, host selection and use in biological control. Biocon. News Info., 12: 13-41.
HARDIN, M.R., BENREY, B., COLL, M., LAMP, W.O., RODERICK, G.K. & BARBOSA, P., 1995. Arthropod pest resurgence: and overview of potential mechanisms. Crop Prot., 14: 3–18.
HEIMPEL, G.E. & LUNDGREN, J.G., 2000. Sex ratios of commercially reared biological control agents. Biol. Control, 19: 7793.
HODJAT, S.H., 1986. The biology, host plants and sub-species of Aphis fabae in Iran. In: Ebadi R. (ed.) Proceeding of the 8th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran, pp. 5.
HUGHES, R.D., WOOLCOCK, L.T. & HUGHES, M.A., 1992. Laboratory evaluation of parasitic Hymenoptera used in attempts to biologically control aphid pests of crops in Australia. Entomol. Exp. Appl., 63: 177-185.
JERVIS, M.A. & COPLAND, M.J.W., 1996. The life cycle. In Jervis M.A. & Kidd N.A.C. (eds): Insect Natural Enemies, Practical Approaches to Their Study & Evaluation. Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 63-131.
LONGLEY, M., JEPSON, P.C., IZQUIERDO, J. & SOTHERTON, N., 1997. Temporal and spatial changes in aphid and parasitoid populations following applications of deltamethrin in winter wheat. Entomol. Exp. Appl., 83: 41–52.
MACKAUER, M. & STARY, P., 1967. World Aphidiidae. In: Delluchi V. & Remaudière, G. (eds): Index of Entomophagous Insects: Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea. Le Francois, Paris, pp. 1-195.
MACKAUER, M., MICHAUD, J.P. & VÖLKL, W., 1996. Host choice by aphidiid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae): host recognition, host quality and host value. Can. Entomol., 128: 959-980.
MAIA, A.H.N., LUIZ, A.J.B. & CAMPANHOLA, C., 2000. Statistical influence on associated fertility life table parameters using jackknife technique: computational aspects. J. Econom. Entomol., 93: 511-518.
MAZAHERY-LAGHAB, H. & AHMADVAND, G., 2004. The effects of Medicoside A and Soyasaponin 1 on the size and fecundity of potato aphid (Aulachorthum solani). In: Manzari, S. (ed.): Proceeding of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, p. 227. [In Persian, with English s.]
MESCHELOFF, E. & ROSEN, D., 1988. Biosystematic studies on the Aphidiidae of Israel (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) 2. the genera Ephedrus and Praon. Isr. J. Entomol., 22: 75-100.
MILLS, P.W., 1989. Specific responses and damage caused by aphidoidea. In: Minks, A.K. & Harrewijn, P. (eds): Aphids: Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Elsevier Publishers, Amsterdam, pp. 23-47.
MINITAB, 2000. MINITAB User's Guide, version 13.20. MINITAB Ltd, UK. http://www.minitab.com/en-US/default.aspx
MONFARED, A., MOHARRAMIPOUR, S. & FATHIPOUR, Y., 2003. An evaluation of resistance to cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) lines, hybrids and varieties under natural field infestation conditions. Iranian J. Agric. Sci., 34: 987-994.
PRICE, P.W., BOUTON, C.E., GROSS, P., MCPHERON, B.A., THOMPSON, J.A. & WEIS, A.E., 1980. Interactions among three trophic levels: influence of plants on interactions between insect herbivores and natural enemies. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 11: 41-65.
RAKHSHANI, E., TALEBI, A.A., KAVALLIERATOS, N.G., REZWANI A., MANZARI S. & TOMANOVIC, Z., 2005. Parasitoid complex (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) in Iran. J. Pest Sci., 78: 193-198.
RAKHSHANI, E., TOMANOVIC, Z., STARY, P., TALEBI, A.A., KAVALLIERATOS, N., ZAMANI, A.A. & STAMENKOVIC, S., 2008. Distribution and diversity of wheat aphid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Iran. Eur. J. Entomol., 105: 863–870, 2008.
REED, H.C., REED, D.K. & ELLIOT, N.C., 1992. Comparative life table of Diaeretiella rapae and Aphidius matricariae on the Russian wheat aphid. Southwest Entomol., 17: 307-312.
SALJOQI, A.U.R. & VAN EMDEN, H.F., 2003. Selective toxicity of different granular insecticides to the peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) and its parasitoid Aphidius matricariae Haliday (Hymenoptera; Aphidiidae) in two differentially resistant potato cultivars. J. Biolog. Sci., 3: 215-227.
SCHEPERS, A., 1989. Chemical control. In: Minks, A.K. & Harrewijn, P. (eds): Aphids: Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control. Elsevier Publishers, Amsterdam, pp. 89-122.
SHAHROKHI, S., SHOJAI, M., REZWANI, A., OSTOVAN, H. & ABDOLLAHI, G.A., 2004. Investigation on biology and comparison of fertility life table parameters of Aphidius matricariae Haliday on host aphid Schizaphis graminum (Rondani). In: Manzari, S. (ed.): Proceeding of the 16th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, p. 37.
SHIRVANI, A. & HOSEINI, V., 2004. Fertility life table parameters estimation of Aphis gossypii Glover. Iranian J. Agric. Sci., 35: 23-29. (In Persian, English abstr.).
SINHA, T.B. & SINGH, R., 1982. Bionomics of Trioxys indicus. Indian J. Parasitol., 5: 9-15. STARY, P., 1966. Aphid parasites of Czechoslovakia. Prague and The Hague: Academia and Dr W. Junk. 242 pp.
STARY, P., 1988. Aphidiidae. In: Minks, A.K. & Harrewijn, P. (eds): Aphids, Their Natural Enemies and Control. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp: 171-184.
TAKALLOOZADEH, H.M., KAMALI, K., TALEBI, A.A. & FATHIPOUR, Y., 2003. Effect of temperature and host plants, on population parameters of parasitoid Lysiphlebus fabarum Marshall (Hym.: Aphidiidae). J. Agric. Sci. Technol., 17: 107-113.
TANG, Y.Q. & YOKOMI, R.K., 1995. Temperature-dependent development of three hymenopterous parasitoids of aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) attacking citrus. Environ. Entomol., 24: 1736-1740.
TRIPATHI, R.N. & SINGH, R., 1990. Fecundity, reproduction rate longevity and intrinsic rate of natural increase of aphidiid parasite Lusiphlebia mirzai. Entomophaga, 35: 601-610.
TSAI, J.H., 1998. Development, survivorship, and reproduction of Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy) (Homoptera: Aphididae) on eight host plants. Environ. Entomol., 27: 1190-1195.
TOSH, C.R., MORGAN, D., WALTERS, K.F.A. & DOUGLAS A.E., 2004. The significance of overlapping plant range in the aphid species complex Aphis fabae Scop. Ecol. Entomol., 29: 488-497.
TURLINGS, T. & BENREY, B., 1998. The effects of plant metabolites on the behavior and development of parasitic wasps. Ecoscience, 5:321-333.
VAN DRIESCHE, R.G. & BELLOWS, T.S., 1996. Biological Control. Chapman and Hall, New York, 539 pp.
VÖLKL, W. & STECHMANN, D.H., 1998. Parasitism of the black aphid (Aphis fabae) by Lysiphlebus fabarum (Hym., Aphidiidae): the influence of host plant and habitat. J. Appl. Entomol., 122: 201-206.
WEATHERSBEE, A.A., MCKENZIE, C.L. & TANG, Y.Q., 2004. Host plant and temperature effects on Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), a native parasitoid of the exotic brown citrus aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 97: 476-480.
ZAMANI. A.A., TALEBI, A.A., FATHIPOUR, Y. & BANIAMERI, V., 2007. Effect of Temperature on Life History of Aphidius colemani and Aphidius matricariae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Two Parasitoidsof Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae). Environ. Entomol., 36(2): 263-271.