EFFECT OF BOTANICAL INSECTICIDES NEEMAZAL-T/S AND PYRETHRUM APPLIED ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH DIFFERENT ORGANIC PRODUCTS ON THRIPS TABACI POPULATION DENSITY
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Dec 30, 2014
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Abstract
The trial was conducted with spring forage pea (Pisum sativum L.) from 2011-2013 in the experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Bulgaria. The effect of three insecticides was studied: NeemAzal T/S®, Pyrethrum FS EC (botanical insecticides) and Nurelle D (synthetic insecticide) applied alone and in combination with the growth regulators Polyversum (biological growth regulator and fungicide) and Flordimex 420 (synthetic growth regulator); and an organic foliar fertilizer known as Biofa on Thrips tabaci population density. The treatment was conducted once (at budding stage) and twice (at budding and flowering stages). Between the studied biological insecticides against Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Pyretrum FS EC was distinguished by its higher protective effect and fast initial activity, while NeemAzal-T/S exhibited slow initial activity and a relatively weak increasing after-effect. Combined use of the bioinsecticides with the organic foliar fertilizer Biofa and growth regulator Polyversum established synergism. The synergistic effect was more pronounced in combinations with Biofa. The highest efficacy among the organic products was found under combined use of Pyrethrum FS EC and Biofa whose protective effect approximated that of Nurele D Chlorsyrine 550 EC. The double treatment of plants (at budding and flowering stages) with Pyrethrum and NeemAzal reduced the density of thrips by 28.9% and 20.1% respectively compared to the single application, without consideration of the method of use. The most efficient combination among organic products was the use of Pyrethrum with Biofa where the density of thrips decreased by 53.7%, followed by Pyrethrum with Polyversum (by 44.0%) and NeemAzal with Biofa (by 39.5%) irrespective of the stage of treatment.
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Nikolova, I., & Georgieva, N. (2014). EFFECT OF BOTANICAL INSECTICIDES NEEMAZAL-T/S AND PYRETHRUM APPLIED ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH DIFFERENT ORGANIC PRODUCTS ON THRIPS TABACI POPULATION DENSITY. Acta Entomologica Serbica, 19(1/2), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18141
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Copyright: © 2019 The ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF SERBIA Staff. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
References
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MORDUE (LUNTZ) A.J. & BLACKWELL, A., 1993. Azadirachtin: an Update. Journal of Insect Physiology, 39(1): 903-924.
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PAVELA, R., 2009. Effectiveness of Some Botanical Insecticides against Spodoptera littoralis Boisduvala (Lepidoptera: Noctudiae), Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Plant Protection Science, 45(4): 161–167.
RAY, S. & GURUSUBRAMANIAN, G., 2011. Bioefficacy of azadirachtin content of neem formulation against three major sucking pests of tea in Sub Himalayan tea plantation o fNorth Bengal, India. Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica, 44(3): 134-143.
SAKIMURA, K., 1963. Frankliniella fusca, an additional vector for the tomato spotted wilt virus, with notes on Thrips tabaci, another vector. Phytopathology, 53: 412–415.
SHIBERU, T., NEGERI M. & SELVARAJ, T., 2013. Evaluation of Some Botanicals and Entomopathogenic Fungi for the Control of Onion Thrips (Thrips tabaci L.) in West Showa, Ethiopia. Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, 4:161.
(doi:10.4172/2157-7471.1000161)
STOLL, G., 2000. Natural crop protection in the Tropics: Letting information come to life. Magraf Verlag, Hohberg, Germany.
TRDAN, S., ŽNIDARČIČ, D., VALIČ, N., ROZMAN, L. & VIDRIH, M., 2006. Intercropping against onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in onion production: on the suitability of orchard grass, lacy phacelia, and buckwheat as alternatives for white clover. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 113(1): 24-30.
TRDAN, S., CIRAR, A., BERGANT, K., ANDJUS, L., KAČ, M., VIDRIH, M. & ROZMAN, L., 2007. Effect of temperature on efficacy of three natural substances to Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil and Plant Science, 57(4): 293-296.
BOEKE, S.J., KOSSOU, D.K., VAN HUIS, A., VAN LOON, J.J.A. & DICKE, M., 2004. Field trials with plant products to protect stored cowpea against insect damage. International Journal of Pest Management, 50: 1-9.
CASIDA , J.E., 1973. Pyrethrum, the Natural Insecticide. Academic, New York.
CHANDLER, E.S., 1951. Botanical aspects of pyrethrum. General considerations: the seat of the active principles. Pyrethrum Post, 2: 1–8.
DJAZULI, M., 2006. Responses of two promising clones of pyrethrum on fertilizer application. Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, 17(1): 13-21.
DODIA, D.A., PATEL, I.S. & PATEL, G.M., 2008. Botanical pesticides for Pest Management, 354. Scientific Publishers Journals Dept (August 30, 2008).
JENSER, G., GÁBORJÁNYI, R., SZÉNÁSI, A., ALMÁSI, A. & GRASSELLI, M., 2003. Significance of hibernated Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) adults in the epidemic of tomato spotted wilt virus. Journal of Applied Entomology – Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie, 127: 1: 7-11.
GHATAK, S.S., REZA, M.W., POI, S.C., 2008. Bio-efficacy of some biopesticides and modern synthetic pesticides against tea mosquito bug, Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse (Hemiptera: Miridae). Research on Crops, 9: 165-171.
ISMAN, M.B., 1994. Botanical insecticides and antifeedants: new sources and perspectives. Pesticide Research Journal, 6: 11–19.
ISMAN, M.B., 2005. Problems and opportunities for the commercialization of insecticides. In: Regnault-Roger C., Philogene B.J.R. & Vincent R. (eds.): Biopesticides of Plant Origin. Lavoisier, Paris, pp.: 283–291.
ISMAN, M.B., 2006. The role of botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. Annual Review of Entomology, 51: 45–66.
FAIL, J., DEUTSCHLANDER, E. & SHELTON, M., 2013. Antixenotic Resistance of Cabbage to Onion Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). I. Light Reflectance. Journal of Economic Entomology, 106(6): 2602-2612.
KOUL, O., SINGH, G., SINGH, R., SINGH, J., DANIEWSKI, W.M. & BERLOZECKI, S., 2004. Bioefficacy and mode-of-action of some limonoids of salannin group from Azadirachta indica A. Juss and their role in a multicomponent system against lepidopteran larvae. Journal of Bioscience, 29(4): 409-416.
MACINTYRE-ALLEN, J.K., SCOTT-DUPREE, C.D., TOLMAN, J.H. & RON HARRIS, C., 2005. Resistance of Thrips tabaci to pyrethroid and organophosphorus insecticides in Ontario, Canada. Pest. Manag. Sci., 61: 809–815.
MORDUE (LUNTZ) A.J. & BLACKWELL, A., 1993. Azadirachtin: an Update. Journal of Insect Physiology, 39(1): 903-924.
MORGAN, E.D., 2009. Azadirachtin, a scientific gold mine. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 17: 4096-4105.
PAVELA, R., 2007. Possibilities of botanical insecticide exploitation in plant protection. Pest Technology, 1: 47–52.
PAVELA, R., 2009. Effectiveness of Some Botanical Insecticides against Spodoptera littoralis Boisduvala (Lepidoptera: Noctudiae), Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Plant Protection Science, 45(4): 161–167.
RAY, S. & GURUSUBRAMANIAN, G., 2011. Bioefficacy of azadirachtin content of neem formulation against three major sucking pests of tea in Sub Himalayan tea plantation o fNorth Bengal, India. Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica, 44(3): 134-143.
SAKIMURA, K., 1963. Frankliniella fusca, an additional vector for the tomato spotted wilt virus, with notes on Thrips tabaci, another vector. Phytopathology, 53: 412–415.
SHIBERU, T., NEGERI M. & SELVARAJ, T., 2013. Evaluation of Some Botanicals and Entomopathogenic Fungi for the Control of Onion Thrips (Thrips tabaci L.) in West Showa, Ethiopia. Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, 4:161.
(doi:10.4172/2157-7471.1000161)
STOLL, G., 2000. Natural crop protection in the Tropics: Letting information come to life. Magraf Verlag, Hohberg, Germany.
TRDAN, S., ŽNIDARČIČ, D., VALIČ, N., ROZMAN, L. & VIDRIH, M., 2006. Intercropping against onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in onion production: on the suitability of orchard grass, lacy phacelia, and buckwheat as alternatives for white clover. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 113(1): 24-30.
TRDAN, S., CIRAR, A., BERGANT, K., ANDJUS, L., KAČ, M., VIDRIH, M. & ROZMAN, L., 2007. Effect of temperature on efficacy of three natural substances to Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil and Plant Science, 57(4): 293-296.